What Is An Electric Motor? What Is Its Structure?

Electric motor, also known as an electric motor, also known as a motor, or transliteration electric motor, is an engine that uses electric energy, and generally refers to any electrical equipment that can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, and generate kinetic energy to drive other equipment. equipment. Most electric motors generate rotational torque through the interaction between a magnetic field and winding current. New linear motors are being developed for modern military equipment such as electromagnetic catapults and rail guns. The main difference between electric motors and other engines (such as heat engines, hydraulic engines, pneumatic engines, jet engines, etc.) is the way energy is converted.

The principle of motor rotation is based on Fleming's left-hand rule or right-hand open-palm rule. When a wire is placed in a magnetic field, if a current is applied to the wire, the wire cuts the magnetic field lines, causing the wire to move. The current enters the coil to generate a magnetic field, and the device that uses the magnetic effect of the current to make the electromagnet rotate continuously in the fixed magnet can convert electrical energy into kinetic energy. Energy is generated by interacting with a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet or another set of coils.

There are many types of motors. As far as the basic structure is concerned, their composition is mainly composed of a stator and a rotor. The stator is stationary in space, while the rotor can rotate around an axis and is supported by bearings. There will be a certain air gap (air gap) between the stator and the rotor to ensure that the rotor can rotate freely. The housing (yoke) needs to be made of high magnetic permeability material to serve as the magnetic circuit.

The principle of a DC motor is that the stator does not move, and the rotor moves in the direction of the force generated by the interaction. In an AC motor, the stator winding coils are connected to an alternating current to generate a rotating magnetic field, which attracts the rotor to rotate together.